Menthol inhalation during resistive loaded breathing trials in healthy participants.

300 milligrams of L-menthol will be deposited on to a cellulose swab and secured inside the lower portion of a sealed facemask.

Menthol inhalation

Strawberry scent during resistive loaded breathing trials in healthy participants.

600 microliters of 100% natural strawberry flavoring will be deposited onto on to a cellulose swab and secured inside the lower portion of a sealed facemask.

Strawberry scent

Menthol inhalation during cycle exercise in healthy participants.

Strawberry scent during cycle exercise in healthy participants.

Menthol inhalation during resting breathing in dyspneic COPD participants.

Strawberry scent during resting breathing in dyspneic COPD participants.

Resting breathing in dyspneic COPD participants.

Menthol inhalation during cycle exercise in COPD participants.

Strawberry scent during cycle exercise in COPD participants.

Menthol inhalation and facial airflow during cycle exercise in COPD participants

Menthol will be administered using a noseplug and facial airflow will be applied with a tabletop fan.

Menthol inhalation and facial airflow

Strawberry inhalation and airflow to leg during cycle exercise in COPD participants

Strawberry will be administered using a noseplug and airflow to the leg will be applied with a tabletop fan.

Strawberry scent and airflow to leg

Menthol inhalation and airflow to leg during cycle exercise in COPD patients

Menthol will be administered using a noseplug and airflow to the leg will be applied with a tabletop fan.

Menthol inhalation and airflow to leg

Strawberry inhalation and facial airflow during cycle exercise in COPD patients

Strawberry will be administered using a noseplug and facial airflow will be applied with a tabletop fan.

Strawberry inhalation and facial airflow

Daniel Langer

Andreas von Leuopoldt

Wim Janssens

Mode of Group Serum application : On-site single use

Standard cleanser + Investigational Serum (random half-face) \[FLA #2039128 50\]

- subjects should wash face with standard cleanser \[FLA #730457 36\] on site before measurements.

The technician will apply the Investigational Serum \[FLA #2039128 50\] on the subject's half face (according to the Annex 11.6) at the test site, keep another half face as blank control.

Investigational Serum, Standard Cleanser

Infrared light has high radiation frequency, its permeability is strong, the wavelength of infrared light can penetrate the human dermis to promote blood circulation and induce skin redness.The redness induction process will be done after baseline measurements for each subject.The subject's face was exposed at a distance of 20cm from infrared lamp for minimum 5 - 10 minutes at a temperature of 30-40°C and a wavelength of 760-5000 nm. In general, the skin will not be burned during the induction process. Due to individual differences, if the subjects cannot tolerate or feel uncomfortable during the process, the investigators will stop the process according to the situation; If there is any burn during the process, the on-site dermatologist will treat it in time, and the subject needs to follow the dermatologist's advice for follow-up treatment.

Infrared light type: PHILIPS, IR250 RH IR2, 230-250V, 250W, wave length 760-5000nm, T 30\~40°C

Infrared Light for Redness Induction on Face

they will apply topical KTZ 2% cream twice daily on the whole face for 12 weeks

ketoconazole will be applied twice per day on the face for 12 weeks

advised to apply topical ketoconazole 2% cream twice daily on the whole face.

they will apply topical retinoid cream once daily at night on the whole face except sensitive areas for a period of 12 weeks

will be advised to apply topical adapalene cream once daily at night on the whole face except sensitive areas for a period of 12 weeks

topical adapalene to the face

Residual caries detection performed using FACE and caries detection dye.

FACE + Caries Detection Dye

Residual caries detection performed using FACE and visual-tactile method.

FACE + Visual-Tactile Examination

ALS 및 PLS 환자의 얼굴 통증 감소와 턱 운동 개선을 위한 비침습 전기 자극의 효과를 평가하는 초기 시험입니다.

All 10 participants will receive a single TENS intervention, with electrodes placed over the masseter and TMJ regions. This intervention is designed to evaluate TENS as a potential treatment for reducing facial pain and improving jaw mobility and chewing function in individuals with ALS and PLS..

TENS intervention will be administered using a current-controlled TENS device that produces charge-balanced, symmetrical biphasic rectangular pulses. Participants will be seated and skin cleaned prior to applying 2 self-adhesive round surface electrodes (25mm) on each side of the face. One electrode (anode) will be placed over the masseter muscle belly, while the other (cathode) will be positioned over the TMJ. Electrode placement will be confirmed by palpation of the TMJ and Masseter. This set up will be mirrored on the opposite side. Once all 4 electrodes are in place, the TENS unit will be turned on.

Participants will remain seated. The TENS unit will be set to manual mode to deliver the stimulation at a frequency of 50 Hertz (Hz) and a pulse width of 200 microseconds (µseconds). Stimulation amplitudes will be gradually increased from 0 milliamps (mA) to each participant's tolerance level. The 30 minute TENS intervention will then take place.

멘톨 흡입, 딸기 향, 멘톨 흡입 및 얼굴 기류, 딸기 향 및 다리 기류, 멘톨 흡입 및 다리 기류, 딸기 흡입 및 얼굴 기류

조사용 세럼, 표준 클렌저, 얼굴 발적 유도를 위한 적외선

얼굴 전체에 하루 두 번 국소 케토코나졸 2% 크림을 바르고 얼굴에는 국소 아다팔렌을 바르는 것이 좋습니다.

얼굴 + 충치 탐지 염색제, 얼굴 + 시각-촉각 검사

ALS 및 PLS 환자의 얼굴 통증을 줄이고 턱 운동 범위를 개선하기 위한 경피적 전기 신경 자극

적응, 얼굴 피부 늘어짐